Agricultural methane-environment thesis in poor African countries: which environmental curve is valid?
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Springer
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
This study attempts to empirically establish the environmental curve that is applicable to the nexus between agricultural methane emissions and the environment in poor sub-Saharan African countries. The empirical analysis is conducted on annual data spanning 1990–2019 for 25 sub-Saharan African countries classifed as heavily indebted by the International Monetary Fund. Continuously updated fully modifed estimation and bootstrap panel causality testing are employed for the analysis. The results from the continuously updated fully modifed estimation show that the coefcients for per-capita income and its quadratic form are?0.446 and 0.011, respectively. This indicates that there is a U-shaped relationship between agricul tural methane emissions and per-capita income in these poor sub-Saharan African countries. This U-shaped relationship is indicative of the environmental Brundtland curve. As suggested by the environmental Brundtland curve, this study shows that at lower levels of per-capita income, agricultural methane emissions are usually high in sub-Saharan Africa. As income improves, emissions gradually decline until a turning point beyond which further improvements in income again begin to aggravate agricultural methane emissions. It is thus concluded on this basis that the nature of the environmental curve refect ing the income-agricultural methane emissions nexus is a function of the economic status of the country or region under consideration. Moreover, the bootstrap panel causality results further show that feedback causal relations are predominant across countries in the link between per-capita income and agricultural methane emissions. This outcome is indicative of a vicious cycle in which poverty aggravates pollution, and pollution in turn further aggravates poverty. It also buttresses the claim that the poor are both perpetrators and victims of environmental degradation. The fndings emphasize the need for a green growth path in sub-Saharan Africa that is capable of preventing the return to a positive relationship between income and emissions beyond the turning point in the Brundtland curve.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sub-Saharan Africa; Agriculture; Environmental curves; Methane; Pollution; Poverty
Kaynak
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
N/A
Cilt
30
Sayı
57
