Mevsimsiz dava: Davanın vaktinden önce açılması
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Davanın erken açılmış olması sebebiyle reddi, bazen maddi hukuki hükümleri sebebiyle olur. Bu hallerde davanın (zamanı gelince) yeniden, kesin hüküm engeliyle karşılaşmadan açılabileceğini ifade etmek üzere ilmi ve kazai içtihatlarda dava şartı kavramından yararlanıldığı görülmektedir ki, 18.02.2022 tarihinde verilen Yargıtay İçtihadı Birleştirme Kararında ifa zamanı gelmemiş alacaklar için açılan davalarda hukuki yarar dava şartının bulunmadığına ve davanın usulden reddinin gerektiğine hükmedilmiştir. Davanın vaktinden evvel açıldığı haller ile ilgili olarak, bunların beklenen haklar ile olan ilişkisi, dava türleriyle olan bağlantısı, davanın açılabileceği vakitten önce başvurabilecek hukuki çarelerin neler olduğu ve vaktinden önce açılan bir dava derdest iken dava vaktinin gelmesi halinde ne yapılması gerektiği meseleleri, üzerinde durulmaya değer usul hukuku meseleleridir. Bu hususlar ise, belirtilen İçtihadı Birleştirme Kararından yaklaşık bir yıl önce, Budak tarafından İngiliz dilinde kaleme alınan “The Premature Filing of the Lawsuit (Davanın Vaktinden Önce Açılması)” başlıklı makalede ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada Budak’ın makalesi, 2022 tarihli Yargıtay içtihadı birleşme kararı da değerlendirilmek suretiyle genişletilmiş ve Türk diline çevrilerek tekrar yayıma hazırlanmıştır.
Dismissal of the case due to the premature filing of the lawsuit is usually based on the provisions of substantive law. Under these circumstances, it is observed that legal doctrine and judicial precedents refer to the term of “prerequisite for bringing a lawsuit” to justify that the lawsuit can be filed again (when its time is due) without being subject to claim preclusion. Joint Chambers of the Court of Cassation ruled by its decision dated 02.12.2022 that a legal claim for an undue debt must be dismissed on the procedural ground since there is no legal interest (as a prerequisite for bringing a lawsuit) for filing such a lawsuit. In fact, the circumstances where the lawsuit is prematurely filed are not limited only to this circumstance regarding undue debt. This matter ought to be assessed in terms of other similar circumstances where the lawsuit is filed prematurely, its relationship with expected rights, its connection with other kinds of cases, the legal instruments that can be taken during the period when the lawsuit cannot be filed yet, and what it should be done when a prematurely filed lawsuit gets matured while it is pending. All these legal matters were discussed in the article entitled “The Premature Filing of the Lawsuit” written by Budak in English nearly one year before the aforesaid decision. In this study, Budak’s article is extended by also including the legal assessment of the decision of the Joint Chambers of the Court of Cassation of 2022 and re-edited by translating into Turkish.
Dismissal of the case due to the premature filing of the lawsuit is usually based on the provisions of substantive law. Under these circumstances, it is observed that legal doctrine and judicial precedents refer to the term of “prerequisite for bringing a lawsuit” to justify that the lawsuit can be filed again (when its time is due) without being subject to claim preclusion. Joint Chambers of the Court of Cassation ruled by its decision dated 02.12.2022 that a legal claim for an undue debt must be dismissed on the procedural ground since there is no legal interest (as a prerequisite for bringing a lawsuit) for filing such a lawsuit. In fact, the circumstances where the lawsuit is prematurely filed are not limited only to this circumstance regarding undue debt. This matter ought to be assessed in terms of other similar circumstances where the lawsuit is filed prematurely, its relationship with expected rights, its connection with other kinds of cases, the legal instruments that can be taken during the period when the lawsuit cannot be filed yet, and what it should be done when a prematurely filed lawsuit gets matured while it is pending. All these legal matters were discussed in the article entitled “The Premature Filing of the Lawsuit” written by Budak in English nearly one year before the aforesaid decision. In this study, Budak’s article is extended by also including the legal assessment of the decision of the Joint Chambers of the Court of Cassation of 2022 and re-edited by translating into Turkish.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Medeni Usul Hukuku, Davanın Açılması, Dava Şartları, Hukuki Yarar, Beklenen Haklar, Tahrik Davası, Davanın Vaktinden Önce Açıldığı Haller., Law of Civil Procedure, Filing of the Lawsuit, Prerequisites for Bringing a Lawsuit, Legal Interest, Expected Rights, Action for Provocation, Circumstances where the Lawsuit Is Prematurely Filed
Kaynak
Adalet Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
70
Künye
Budak, A. C., & Yağcı, M. O. (2023). Mevsimsiz Dava: Davanın Vaktinden Önce Açılması. Adalet Dergisi, (70), 17-46.
