Osmanlı Rum eğitim sistemi ve İstanbul Rum kız okulları (19. ve 20. Yüzyıl)
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
19. yüzyılda başlayan eğitim alanındaki modernleşme çabaları, Cumhuriyet dönemindeki modernleşme girişimlerinin öncülleri olarak kabul edilebilir. Bu makalede, Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki Rum eğitim sistemi ele alınarak, 19 ve 20. yüzyılda Rum kız eğitiminde yaşanan değişikliklerin, Osmanlı Devleti’nin modernleşme sürecindeki yeri ve önemi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Rum kız eğitimi İstanbul’daki okullar çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Laik Rum eğitim sisteminde kız eğitimine ayrı bir önem verilmiştir. Bunun altında, 19. yüzyılda Avrupa’da ve Osmanlı’da ortaya çıkan toplumsal değişim, kadının bu toplumsal değişimdeki öneminin farkına varılması ve hızla sayıları artan okullara öğretmen yetiştirme ihtiyacı gibi nedenler yatmaktadır. Rum kız okullarında okutulan dersler ve kullanılan metotlar, eğitim yoluyla Yunan ulusçuluğunun yeniden üretilmesinde büyük rol oynamıştır. Bu gelişmeleri yakından takip eden devlet yetkilileri, bunu kendi siyasi varlığına karşı bir tehdit olarak algılayıp, hem bu okullar üzerindeki denetimini arttırmış, hem de bazılarını Osmanlı modern eğitimi için model almıştır. Ayrıca bu okulların sayısındaki artış bir tür rekabete neden olarak, Müslüman okulların açılışını hızlandırmıştır. Rum kız eğitimine yönelik yenilikler ve gelişmeler, Osmanlı eğitim sistemini bir bütün olarak anlayıp değerlendirmede önemlidir. Nitekim 19 ve 20. yüzyıl boyunca devam eden bu süreç, günümüz eğitim sistemini anlamamıza da yardımcı olacak önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Bu makalede ağırlıklı olarak Başbakanlık Osmanlı arşivi ve Yunanca kaynaklar kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu kaynaklar tarihsel yönteme dayalı olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce kitap, makale ve dokümanlarla bütünleştirilerek, incelenmiştir.
Modernization eff orts in education, which were initiated in the 19th century, can be seen as forerunners of the modernization attempts in the Republic period. In this article, Greek education system in the Ottoman Empire will be discussed and the eff ects and importance of the changes observed in Greek girls’ education in 19th and 20th centuries on the modernization period of the Ottoman Empire will be emphasized. Greek girls’ education system is examined in terms of the schools in Istanbul. In the secular Greek education system, education of girls was considered highly important. Th e underlying reasons were the social change emerging in Europe and the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, recognition of the importance of women in the said change and the need to train teachers for schools that were increasing in number every day. Th e courses taught and methods used in Greek girls’ schools played a major role in the reproduction of Greek nationalism by means of education. State authorities that closely watched these developments perceived them as a threat against their political existence, as a result of which inspection on these schools were increased; however, some of these models were also adopted for modern Ottoman education. Furthermore, increase in number of these schools caused competition, which accelerated the opening of Muslim schools. Innovations and developments in the Greek girls’ education are significant in perceiving and evaluating the Ottoman education system as a whole. As a matter of fact, this period, which lasted throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, presents us with important clues, which will help us in understanding the education system of today.
Modernization eff orts in education, which were initiated in the 19th century, can be seen as forerunners of the modernization attempts in the Republic period. In this article, Greek education system in the Ottoman Empire will be discussed and the eff ects and importance of the changes observed in Greek girls’ education in 19th and 20th centuries on the modernization period of the Ottoman Empire will be emphasized. Greek girls’ education system is examined in terms of the schools in Istanbul. In the secular Greek education system, education of girls was considered highly important. Th e underlying reasons were the social change emerging in Europe and the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, recognition of the importance of women in the said change and the need to train teachers for schools that were increasing in number every day. Th e courses taught and methods used in Greek girls’ schools played a major role in the reproduction of Greek nationalism by means of education. State authorities that closely watched these developments perceived them as a threat against their political existence, as a result of which inspection on these schools were increased; however, some of these models were also adopted for modern Ottoman education. Furthermore, increase in number of these schools caused competition, which accelerated the opening of Muslim schools. Innovations and developments in the Greek girls’ education are significant in perceiving and evaluating the Ottoman education system as a whole. As a matter of fact, this period, which lasted throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, presents us with important clues, which will help us in understanding the education system of today.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Rum Kız Okulları, Müslüman Okullar, Osmanlı Devleti, Yunan Edebiyatı, Rum Kadın Dernekleri, Osmanlı Rum Eğitim Sistemi, Millet Nizamnamesi, Alilodidaktik Okulları, Osmanlı Eğitim Sistemi, Greek Girls’ Schools, Muslim Schools, Ottoman Government, Greek Literature, Greek Women Associations, Ottoman Greek Education System, Community Regulation, Alilodidaktik Schools, Ottoman Education System
Kaynak
Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
10
Sayı
2
