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Öğe Aile işletmelerinde yönetsel ve operasyonel sorunlar: bir örnek olay incelemesi(İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, 2018) Görener, Ali; Toker, KeremBu çalışmanın amacı aile işletmelerinde sıklıkla görülen yönetsel ve operasyonel sorunları, bir işletme örneği üzerinden irdelemek ve çözüm önerileri sunmaktadır. Örnek olay incelemesi yöntemiyle, imalat sektöründeki orta ölçekli bir aile işletmesinin mevcut durumunun üretim süreçleri ve örgüt yapısı açısından analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve saptanan sorunlarla ilgili çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, aile işletmesinin üretim akışının düzenlenmesi ve organizasyon yapısını yeniden yapılandırma süreçlerinde yönetsel yetersizliklerle karşı karşıya olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte söz konusu sorunları çözme aşamasında eski kuşakların değişime direnç gösterdikleri ve yeni kuşaklarla örtük çatışma yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Bir sosyal değişim katalizörü olarak sosyal girişimcilik(İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, 2021) Katı, Beyza Gökçin; Toker, KeremBu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal girişimcilik kavramını incelemek, tartışmak ve uygulama örnekleri ile sosyal girişimcilik alanında farkındalık yaratmaktır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada ilk olarak literatür incelenmiş ve sosyal girişimcilik kavramının farklı anlamları tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, sosyal girişimciliğin amacı, önemi, boyutları ve faaliyet alanları açıklanmıştır. Ardından, geleneksel girişimcilik ve sosyal girişimcilik arasında karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Sosyal girişimciliğe yönelik yapılan eleştiriler, sosyal girişimcilik eğitimi ve toplumda oluşan sosyal etki incelenmiştir. Sonrasında ise, Türkiye’deki sosyal girişimcilik uygulamaları detaylı anlatım ve örneklerle açıklanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türkiye’deki sosyal girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin 2000 yılından sonra artış gösterdiğini fakat kavramın herkes tarafından bilinmediğini ve bir kavram karmaşası yaşandığını göstermektedir. Son olarak, günümüzde sosyal girişimcilik, işletmeler ve bireyler bazında desteklenmektedir. Yapılan projelerle birlikte sosyal girişimcilik alanı daha da gelişmekte ve başta gençler olmak üzere sosyal girişimciliğe yönelen girişimci sayısında artış görülmektedir.Öğe Circular economy measurement and a case of the developing country context(IGI Global, 2019) Toker, Kerem; Çinar, Fadime; Görener, AliCircular economics (CE) is increasingly discussed among researchers, practitioners, and politicians. The discussions between the parties and the confusion about the concept cause the issue to remain on the agenda. According to the general view, CE is the slowing, shrinking, and closing of the welding flow to increase the welding efficiency. However, little attention has been devoted to measuring the CE level of a given economic system. The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the emergence and development process of CE, and also to show how the CE level of any economic system can be measured. In this context, it is important for developing countries to interest with the issue but not in practice. To put this into perspective, the study examined Turkey's economic system. Turkey's economic, environmental, and social indicators examined were found to have a remote structure of the CE principle. It is expected that the results of the study will lead to a positive social change and become a framework for increasing the contribution of developing economies to the sustainable world. © 2020, IGI Global. © 2020 by IGI Global.Öğe The control mechanisms and problems in management processes of global operations(Springer International Publishing, 2014) Toker, Kerem; Görener, AliWith the process of globalization being experienced nowadays the operations of business have spread to all regions of the world. Both geographical distances and different cultural, legal and political structures in different countries of activity make it difficult for enterprises to control their activities in these regions. The control system established by enterprises becomes important due to the unpredictability of the future, especially for global enterprises active in dynamic international environments. In this study, it is aimed to draw the attention of enterprises active at a global scale to this important subject by emphasizing factors which must be taken into consideration in order establish an effective control mechanism, elements rendering operational control difficult and the important of operational control in the international management process. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014. All rights are reserved.Öğe Do employees’ emotions contaminate organisations? The relationship between emotional contagion and organisational ıdentification(Editura Lumen, 2022) Toker, Kerem; Görener, AliThis article presents empirical research that aimed to determine the direction and strength of the relationships between emotional contagion and organisational identifi cation. Our study examined the eff ect of aviation sector employees’ emotional contagion levels on organisational identifi cation and the moderating role of career characteristics, such as age diff erences and seniority, in this eff ect. Data collected from 296 aviation employees were analyzed using SPSS 25 and SPSS Process Macro programs for determining moderating eff ects. The fi ndings revealed that emotional contagion has a positive and signifi cant eff ect on organisational identifi cation. It has been determined that individuals’ age and seniority diff erences have a moderating role in the eff ect of emotional contagion on organisational identifi cation. The fact that the scope of the research is a single sector and organisation hinders the fi ndings’ generalizability. Additionally, the cross-sectional design limits the ability to explain the cause-and-eff ect relationships between psychological factors. The results proved that positive emotions aff ect individuals faster than negative emotions and are more eff ective on OI. Hence, the establishment of an organisational climate dominated by feelings of love and happiness and devoid of feelings of fear and anger is recommended for managers seeking to foster OI. By revealing the implicit relationships among the concepts with empirical evidence, we aim to fi ll a signifi cant gap, particularly with respect to organisational psychology, and to represent new insights to scholars and practitioners.Öğe Effect of Hospital Employees' Psychological Capital on Counterproductive Work Behavior: Role of Work Alienation and Procrastination(Sage Publications Inc, 2024) Ozudogru, Ayse Goksu; Gorener, Ali; Toker, KeremCounterproductive work behavior (CWB) causes financial losses and psychologically affects other employees exposed to verbal or physical attacks from their colleagues. This issue creates a stressful workplace and has a negative impact on organizational outputs. The objective of this study is to develop a coherent logic and a thorough comprehension of the CWB's predecessors and their relationships to the CWB. Our research applied partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test hypotheses on a sample of 390 healthcare personnel in a hospital. We propose an approach in which administrators can reduce counterproductive work behaviors by strengthening psychological capital. Also, eliminating work alienation and workplace procrastination is an original and critical argument for preventing counterproductive work behavior. The findings reveal that high psychological capital negatively affected counterproductive work behaviors and reduced these behaviors in the workplace. However, the partial mediation role of work alienation and the mediation role of workplace procrastination were determined in the relationship between psychological capital and counterproductive work behavior.Öğe Evaluation of circular economy business models for SMEs using spherical fuzzy TOPSIS: an application from a developing countries’ perspective(Springer, 2022) Toker, Kerem; Görener, AliWhile the circular economy has recently been the subject of considerable theoretical debate, the discussion has yielded limited insight into how its implementation should look. Developing countries’ inadequate regulation and policy hinder the circular economy’s implementation in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with resource, strategy, and skill constraints. Therefore, circular economy business models (CEBMs) support SMEs in overcoming the risks of implementation. However, SMEs often struggle to decide which CEBM to use. This study aims to enable developing countries’ SMEs to choose the most appropriate CEBM using the spherical fuzzy TOPSIS method, which is an extremely new method for solving decision-making problems. The four main CEBMs most frequently encountered in the literature and practice have been extensively analysed. The results suggest that the resource recovery model is the most appropriate model for transitioning to a circular economy for SMEs in developing countries. Circular supply is the second suitable business model. Following these stages, after the organisation reaches a specifc level of CE maturity, the product life extension and the product–service system model should be applied at the last stage. A comparative assessment and a sensitivity analysis are conducted to test the proposed methodology’s robustness and reliability. The results opened up a space for discussion and for new thoughts that could improve the scope of the CEBMs theory. Using all CEBMs together, we concluded that the transition to CE will not be successful for SMEs. The order in which CEBMs should be applied in the transition to CE has been determined. Their scope, risks, and resources needed were correlated with these data from the feld. This practical implementation guide, which we recommend based on theoretical foundations, ofers administrators and future researchers original insights.Öğe A hybrid fuzzy MCDM approach for prioritizing the solutions of resource recovery business model adoption to overcome its barriers in emerging economies(Elsevier, 2023) Hashemkhani Zolfani, Sarfaraz; Görener, Ali; Toker, KeremThe resource recovery business model (RRBM) involves producing and utilizing secondary raw materials from waste streams. Overcoming the barriers small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) face in developing countries during the transition to the RRBM is a considerable challenge. RRBM has quite different barriers than other circular economy business models (e.g., product life extension, product-service systems, etc.). The aim of this study is to present a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology to evaluate possible solution strategies by analyzing RRBM barriers. First, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on the barriers to implementing RRBM. Working with the expert decision-making group through semi-structured forms, the micro, macro, and Meso-level barriers were finalized by considering the emerging economies. The importance levels of the twenty-five barriers were determined in the second stage using the Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF-SWARA) method. With the IMF-SWARA method, it was convenient to get straightforward, expert opinions, and inconsistency was no problem. In the third stage, eight main solution strategies were analyzed to see to what extent they could overcome the barriers. At this point, the Fuzzy Mea surement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (F-MARCOS) was used to evaluate the decision-maker’s opinions more accurately, which may not be confident within the scope of the criteria. While the most critical barriers to be considered are collaboration problems, global secondary material supply chain problems, and quality problems of the recovered resources, the solutions to be considered are financial support, design for circularity, and industrial symbiosis. In addition, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was performed to test its validity after the proposed model was applied. This study’s key contribution is to highlight the barriers that may occur in the context of emerging economies during the adoption of the RRBM as well as the solutions that should be prioritized. Thus, it became evident which actions SMEs, representing the most significant proportion of businesses in emerging economies, should take to execute the resource recovery business model.Öğe İnovasyon ile Küresel Rekabetçilik Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkide Ekonomik SerbestliğinDüzenleyici Rolü(2020) Toker, Kerem; Görener, AliAmaç – Bu araştırmanın amacı, ülke ekonomilerinin inovasyon kabiliyeti ile küresel rekabetçilik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide ekonomik serbestliğin düzenleyici rolünü saptamaktır.Yöntem – Araştırma modelini test etmek amacıyla 2019 yılına ait üç farklı küresel rapordan (Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi, Ekonomik Serbestlik Endeksi ve Küresel Rekabetçilik Endeksi) elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmaya her üç raporda da verisi bulunan ülkeler dahil edildiği için, 125 ülke araştırmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma hipotezini test etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen düzenleyici etki analizlerinde Hayes (2018) tarafından geliştirilen Process Macro programı ve korelasyon analizlerinde SPSS 25 istatistik programı kullanılmıştır.Bulgular – Regresyon analiz sonuçları, ülkelerin ekonomik serbestlik düzeylerinin, inovasyon ve küresel rekabetçilik düzeyi arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyicilik rolü olduğunu göstermiştir. Özellikle inovasyon kabiliyetinin orta düzeyi geçtiği durumlarda eknomik serbestliğin düşük olması rekabetçlik üzerinde olumlu etkiye neden olmaktadır.Tartışma – Ülkelerin küresel rekabet gücünü arttırmak için uyguladıkları inovasyon politikalarında, ekonomik düzenlemelerin ihmal edilmemesi gereken kritik bir unsur olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Küresel işletmelerin ise doğrudan dış yatırım kararlarında aday ülkenin inovasyon gücü yanında ekonomik düzenlemelerini de göz önünde bulundurmaları önerilmektedir.Öğe Lojistik yönetimi kapsamında ulaştırma modunun seçimi: Tekstil sektöründe bir uygulama(2013) Toker, Kerem; Görener, Aliİşletmelerin lojistik faaliyetlerinin etkin yönetimi, organizasyonların amaçlarına ulaşmasında belirleyici bir unsurdur. Özellikle küresel ölçekteki lojistik operasyonlarında, uygun ulaştırma alternatifinin seçimi kritik önem arz etmektedir. Ulaştırma modu seçimi; çeşitli alternatiflerin yer aldığı, sayısallaştırılabilen ve sayısallaştırılması zor olan faktörleri içeren, çok kriterli bir karar verme problemidir. Bu çalışmada, farklı ulaştırma modu alternatiflerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılacak kriterlerin önem dereceleri, analitik hiyerarşi süreci (AHP) metodu uygulanarak hesaplanmıştır. Alternatif ulaştırma modu seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesinde ise, ideal çözüme benzerliğe dayalı sıralama tekniği (TOPSIS) kullanılmıştır. Önerilen model, İtalya-Türkiye arasında yük taşımacılığı gerçekleştiren, tekstil endüstrisinde faaliyet gösteren, İtalyan menşeli bir firma için uygulanmıştır. Yöntem kapsamında dört farklı taşıma modu alternatifi değerlendirilmiş ve en iyi alternatif belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, karayolu - denizyolu - karayolu intermodal ulaştırma alternatifi seçilmiştir.Öğe THE MEDIATOR EFFECT OF R&D EMPLOYMENT ON R&D EXPENDITURES AND EXPORT REVENUES(Future Acad, 2017) Toker, Kerem; Taşcı, Mustafa Emre; Görener, Ali; Ozsahin, MehtapToday's global economic conditions are inevitably forcing companies to develop a competitive advantage against their rivals to provide a long-term sustainability. An advantage based on low labor cost and natural resources, is losing its critical importance each and every day. A new approach to provide a competitive advantage is dependent on the development of information and production of new technologies which could enable the opening of gates into the arena of international markets. The main purpose of this study is to find out the mediator effect of the R&D employee numbers on the relationship between R&D investment expenditures and export revenues. It has been targeted to submit a proposal for organizational R&D employment policies and processes. Data collection has been executed by the data collected throughout the 250 most enterprises investing the most in R&D for 2015 in Turkey and also from the research of the first 1.000 exporter in Turkey. As a result of the study, a full mediation effect of R&D personnel employment on the relation between the R&D expenditures of the enterprises and the export revenues, has been observed. (c) 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UKÖğe Otomotiv Kalite Yönetim Sistemi Uygulamaları ile İşletme Performansı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi(2019) Çağlayan, Ece; Görener, Ali; Toker, KeremAmaç – IATF 16949 Otomotiv Kalite Yönetim Sistemi-KYS (bilinen adıyla ISO/TS 16949 standardı) dünyanın lider otomobil üreticilerinin bir araya gelerek oluşturdukları Uluslararası Otomotiv İş Gücü platformu tarafından geliştirilmiş olan küresel bir sistem standardıdır. Bu standart, tasarım geliştirme, imalat, montaj ve ilişkili servisleri kapsayan süreçleri içeren bir kalite yönetim sisteminin oluşturulmasını öngörmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Otomotiv Kalite Yönetim Sistemi kapsamında gerçekleştirilen kalite uygulamaları ile firma performansı (finansal ve süreç performansı) arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem – Araştırma modeli ve hipotezler, otomotiv sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir ana üreticinin tedarikçilerine yapılan anketler vasıtasıyla test edilmiştir. Bulgular – Araştırmaya katılan işletmelerde gerçekleştirilen Otomotiv KYS uygulamalarıyla işletmenin süreç performansı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ancak Otomotiv KYS uygulamalarıyla finansal performans arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Tartışma – İşletmelerin Otomotiv Kalite Yönetim Sistemini uygulama düzeylerinin yüksek oluşu, süreç performanslarını pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Sistemin gerekliliklerinin yerine getirmesi, süreçlerin amaca uygun ve verimli şekilde yürütülmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Genel olarak kalite uygulamalarının öncelikle süreçleri iyileştirmekte faydalı olduğu, finansal performans faydasının sonraki yıllarda ortaya çıktığı bilinmektedir. Ankete katılan işletmelerin %53’ünün bir yıldan az süredir bu sisteme sahip olduğu düşünüldüğünde sonuçların anlamlı olduğu ifade edilebilir.Öğe The perceived overqualification's effect on innovative work behaviour: Do transformational leadership and turnover intention matter?(Elsevier, 2022) Kaymakci, Rumeysa; Gorener, Ali; Toker, KeremThis paper aims to test the mediating role of turnover intention as well as the moderating role of transformational leadership in the relationship between perceived overqualification and innovative work behaviour in the telecommunications industry. Data were collected using questionnaires from three main telecommunications companies in Turkey. A total of 420 white-collar employees were reached as a result of the application of the simple random sampling method. The data was analysed via structural equation modelling. The present research revealed that transformational leadership had a full moderating role in the relationship between perceived overqualification and innovative work behaviour. Additionally, turnover intention had a mediating role on the increase of overqualification. The results of the study revealed that employees' POQ could be manipulated to produce positive outcomes for the organization. Empirical findings regarding the negative impact of IWB have extended the scope of theoretical discussions on POQ and IWB by adding TI as a critical mediator. Employees with POQ can produce excellent results if managed appropriately. Therefore, when making decisions, leaders should regard employees with a high level of POQ as a source of innovation. Besides, managers can direct the focus of POQ employees from TI to IWB through the application of TL.Öğe The Relationship between Knowledge Sharing and Innovative Work Behaviour:the Mediating Role of Ethical Climate(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2021) Derin, Oyku Basak; Toker, Kerem; Gorener, AliThis study aims to identify and define the relationships among knowledge sharing, innovative work behaviour, and ethical climate. We examine the mediating role of ethical climate in knowledge sharing and innovative business behaviour based on a case study of a Turkish cement factory with 495 employees. A hierarchal regression results demonstrated that a low egoist, benevolence, and principled climate played positive partial mediating roles between knowledge sharing and innovative work behaviour. The results provide an original theoretical framework for organisations that aim to develop innovative behaviours among employees.Öğe To be a cyborg or not: exploring the mechanisms between digital literacy and neural implant acceptance(Emerald, 2023) Toker, Kerem; Fındıklı, Mine Afacan; Gözübol, Zekiye İrem; Görener, Ali̇Purpose – This research aims to reveal the working principles of the decision mechanism that affects the use of neural implant acceptance and to discuss the leading role of digital literacy in this mechanism. In addition, it aimed to examine the theoretical connections of the research model with the conservation of resources (COR) and technology acceptance model (TAM) theories in the discussion. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected data from 300 individuals in an organization operating in the health sector and analyzed the data in the Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) 3.3.3. This way, the authors determined the relationships between the variables, the path coefficients and the significance levels. Findings – The study has found that strong digital literacy skills are linked to positive emotions and attitudes. Additionally, maintaining a positive mindset can improve one’s understanding of ethics. Ethical attitudes and positive emotions can also increase the likelihood of adopting neural implants. Therefore, it is crucial to consider both technical and ethical concerns and emotions when deciding whether to use neural implants. Originality/value – The research results determined the links between the cognitive, emotional and ethical factors in the cyborgization process of the employees and gave original insights to the managers and employees. Highlights – (1) Determination of antecedents that affect individuals’ acceptance of neural implant use. (2) Application to 300 individuals working in a health organization. (3) Path analysis using the least squares method via Smart PLS 3.3.3 (4) Significant path coefficients among digital literacy, positive emotions, attitude, ethical understanding and acceptance of neural implant use.
