Ceza hukuku bağlamında ihaleye fesat karıştırma suçu (TCK md. 235)
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada ihaleye fesat karıştırma suçunun ceza hukuku bağlamında incelenerek Almanya, Avusturya, İtalya, İspanya, Fransa, Brezilya ve Güney Afrika ülkelerinde nasıl düzenlendiği ve ne tür yaptırımlar öngördüğü hususu araştırılmış ve ülkemizdeki düzenleme ile birlikte öngörülen yaptırımlarla ilgili hususlar incelenmiştir. Literatür tarama yöntemiyle elde edilen bilgilerin incelenmesi sonucunda ihaleye fesat karıştırma suçunun Roma döneminden beri toplumsal yaşamda yer bulduğu, Türklerde ise başlangıçta ticarette yolsuzlukla mücadele bağlamında ele alındığı tespit edilmiştir. Günümüz açısından bakıldığında ihaleye fesat karıştırma suçunun 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanununda "Ekonomi, Sanayi ve Ticarete İlişkin Suçlar" başlığında düzenlendiği ve kamu yararının korunması, serbest rekabetin sağlanmasının ve bu konuda topluma güvence sağlanmasının amaçlandığı anlaşılmaktadır. Hem ülkemiz hem de araştırmamızda incelenen ülkeler bakımından suç tipi incelendiğinde, ihaleye fesat karıştırma suçunun sadece Türkiye'de bu isimle düzenlendiği ve ihale süreciyle ilişkilendirildiği, diğer incelenen ülkelerde ekonomik faaliyetlerde rüşvet ve yolsuzluk gibi hukuka aykırı davranışlar bağlamında ele alındığı görülmektedir. Suçun cezalandırılması açısından bakıldığında ise gerçek kişilerin 3-5 yıl arasında hapis ve çeşitli miktarlarda para cezası gibi yaptırımların, tüzel kişilerin işlemesi durumunda değişen sürelerde ihaleden uzaklaştırma veya yetki feshi, çek kesme, ikamet yasağı, çeşitli haklardan men, mülkün müsaderesi gibi çeşitli güvenlik tedbirlerinin cezai müeyyide olarak uygulandığı görülmektedir.
In this research, the crime of bid rigging was examined in the context of criminal law, how it was regulated in Germany, Austria, Italy, Spain, France, Brazil and South Africa and what kind of sanctions it envisaged, and the issues related to the sanctions envisaged together with the regulation in our country were examined. As a result of the examination of the information obtained through the literature review method, it was determined that the crime of bid rigging had a place in social life since the Roman period, and that in the Turks, it was initially discussed in the context of the fight against corruption in trade. From today's perspective, it is understood that the crime of bid rigging is regulated under the title of "Crimes Related to Economy, Industry and Commerce" in the Turkish Penal Code No. 5237, and the aim is to protect the public interest, ensure free competition and provide assurance to the society in this regard. When the type of crime is examined in terms of both our country and the countries examined in our research, it can be seen that the crime of bid rigging is regulated under this name only in Turkey and is associated with the tender process, while in other examined countries it is handled in the context of unlawful behavior such as bribery and corruption in economic activities. In terms of punishment for the crime, real persons are subject to sanctions such as 3-5 years of imprisonment and various amounts of fines, and in case of legal entities, various security measures such as exclusion from tenders for varying periods of time or termination of authority, issuance of checks, residence ban, ban on various rights, confiscation of property, etc. It appears to be implemented as a sanction.
In this research, the crime of bid rigging was examined in the context of criminal law, how it was regulated in Germany, Austria, Italy, Spain, France, Brazil and South Africa and what kind of sanctions it envisaged, and the issues related to the sanctions envisaged together with the regulation in our country were examined. As a result of the examination of the information obtained through the literature review method, it was determined that the crime of bid rigging had a place in social life since the Roman period, and that in the Turks, it was initially discussed in the context of the fight against corruption in trade. From today's perspective, it is understood that the crime of bid rigging is regulated under the title of "Crimes Related to Economy, Industry and Commerce" in the Turkish Penal Code No. 5237, and the aim is to protect the public interest, ensure free competition and provide assurance to the society in this regard. When the type of crime is examined in terms of both our country and the countries examined in our research, it can be seen that the crime of bid rigging is regulated under this name only in Turkey and is associated with the tender process, while in other examined countries it is handled in the context of unlawful behavior such as bribery and corruption in economic activities. In terms of punishment for the crime, real persons are subject to sanctions such as 3-5 years of imprisonment and various amounts of fines, and in case of legal entities, various security measures such as exclusion from tenders for varying periods of time or termination of authority, issuance of checks, residence ban, ban on various rights, confiscation of property, etc. It appears to be implemented as a sanction.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kamu Hukuku Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk, Law
