Hizmet ihracatı: Türkiye sağlık turizmi gelişimine yönelik bir araştırma
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Lojistik ve haberleşme alanındaki teknolojik gelişmelerin etkisiyle 1970'li yıllardan itibaren hizmet sektörleri de gelişme göstermiş ve dünya ticaretinde giderek artan bir önem kazanmıştır. Hizmet sektörleri, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinde ekonomik büyüklük bakımından tarım ve sanayi sektörlerini geride bırakarak, dünya ticaretinin itici gücü konumuna gelmiştir. 1980 li yıllar sonrası ithal ikameci politikalarla dış ticarette ihracata dayalı büyüme modeli uygulayan Türkiye, 2000 li yıllar sonrası mal ticaretinde verdiği cari açığı turizm ve taşımacılık hizmetlerinin öncülük ettiği hizmet ihracatı ile dengeleme yolunda önemli aşamalar kaydetmiştir. Özellikle, hizmet ticaretinden elde edilen döviz gelirlerini artırmaya ve bunları sürdürülebilir kılmaya yönelik atılan çeşitli adımlar ve destek mekanizmaları ile de 2012 yılından bu yana ciddi gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Turizm faaliyetlerinin bir alt kolu sayılan sağlık turizminin bu kapsamda döviz kazandırıcı faaliyet olarak desteklerden faydalanan öncü sektörlerden olması da bu konunun önemine ilişkin bir gösterge olduğu düşünülmektedir. Tüm dünya ekonomilerini derinden etkileyen Covid-19 pandemisi ile başlayan süreçte hizmet ticaretinde ciddi gerilemeler görülmüş ve sağlıkla ilintili sektörlerin önemi ve ülkelerin sağlık sistemi altyapısının ehemmiyeti daha da belirgin hale gelmiştir. Türkiye modern tıbbi cihazlarla donatılmış sağlık sistemi altyapısı ve deneyimli / yetkin sağlık personeli ile pandemi koşullarında görece başarılı bir sınav vererek sağlık turizmi açısından iddialı ve önemli bir destinasyon imajını pekiştirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, büyük çoğunluğu sağlık hizmetleri sektöründe uluslararası alanda faaliyet gösteren sektör oyuncuları ile gerçekleştirilen odak grup görüşmeleri ile Türkiye sağlık turizmi güçlü ve zayıf yönleri, markalaşmaya yönelik atılması gereken adımlar ile gelecek trendleri ve desteklere ilişkin elde edilen bulgular derlenerek, sağlık turizmine yönelik çeşitli tespitler ile bu konuda bundan sonra gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalara ışık tutulması amaçlanmıştır.
Along with the rise in technological developments in the fields of logistics and communication, services sectors have also shown advancements since the 1970s and gained of increasing importance in the world trade. Services sectors have become the driving force of the world trade, surpassing the agriculture and industry sectors in terms of their economic sizes in developed and developing countries' economies. Türkiye, which implemented an export-based growth model in foreign trade with import substitution policies after the 1980s, has made important strides in balancing the current account deficit in goods trade after the 2000s thanks to the services exports which have been led by tourism and transportation services. In particular, remarkable developments have been achieved since 2012 with various steps and support mechanisms taken in order to increase the foreign exchange revenues obtained from services trade and to make them sustainable. The fact that health tourism, considered as a sub-branch of tourism activities, is one of the leading sectors which benefits from the state supports as an activity of foreign exchange earnings, is regarded to be an indicator of the significance of this topic. Through the process that started with the Covid-19 Pandemic, which deeply affected all economies in the world, serious declines have been observed in services trade and the importance of health-related sectors and health care infrastructures of the countries have become more evident. Türkiye, owing to its health care infrastructure equipped with modern medical devices and experienced/competent health personnel, has given a relatively good account of itself under the conditions of Pandemic and thus, has reinforced its image as an assertive and important destination in terms of health tourism. In this study, through the focus group meetings, most of which were held with sector players operating in the international arena in the health care services sector, the findings related to the strengths and weaknesses of Türkiye's health tourism, the steps to be taken towards its branding, the future trends and state supports in health tourism sector were compiled while a variety of arguments were also presented with the aim of shedding light on future studies on the subject.
Along with the rise in technological developments in the fields of logistics and communication, services sectors have also shown advancements since the 1970s and gained of increasing importance in the world trade. Services sectors have become the driving force of the world trade, surpassing the agriculture and industry sectors in terms of their economic sizes in developed and developing countries' economies. Türkiye, which implemented an export-based growth model in foreign trade with import substitution policies after the 1980s, has made important strides in balancing the current account deficit in goods trade after the 2000s thanks to the services exports which have been led by tourism and transportation services. In particular, remarkable developments have been achieved since 2012 with various steps and support mechanisms taken in order to increase the foreign exchange revenues obtained from services trade and to make them sustainable. The fact that health tourism, considered as a sub-branch of tourism activities, is one of the leading sectors which benefits from the state supports as an activity of foreign exchange earnings, is regarded to be an indicator of the significance of this topic. Through the process that started with the Covid-19 Pandemic, which deeply affected all economies in the world, serious declines have been observed in services trade and the importance of health-related sectors and health care infrastructures of the countries have become more evident. Türkiye, owing to its health care infrastructure equipped with modern medical devices and experienced/competent health personnel, has given a relatively good account of itself under the conditions of Pandemic and thus, has reinforced its image as an assertive and important destination in terms of health tourism. In this study, through the focus group meetings, most of which were held with sector players operating in the international arena in the health care services sector, the findings related to the strengths and weaknesses of Türkiye's health tourism, the steps to be taken towards its branding, the future trends and state supports in health tourism sector were compiled while a variety of arguments were also presented with the aim of shedding light on future studies on the subject.
Açıklama
Dış Ticaret Enstitüsü, Uluslararası Ticaret Ana Bilim Dalı, Uluslararası Ticaret Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekonomi, Economics, Sağlık Yönetimi
