Konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarında tahliye sebepleri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kiraya verenin bir şeyin kullanılmasını veya kullanmayla birlikte ondan yararlanılmasını kiracıya bırakmayı, kiracının da buna karşılık kararlaştırılan kira bedelini ödemeyi üstlendiği sözleşme olarak tanımlanan kira sözleşmesi, Türk Borçlar Kanunu'nda "Genel hükümler", "Konut ve çatılı işyeri kiraları", "Ürün kirası" olarak üç başlık altında düzenlenmiştir. Yeni yasa, mülga 6570 sayılı GKHK'nın aksine, kiralanın niteliğini esas almıştır. Tezimizin konusu oluşturan konut ve çatılı işyeri kiraları da TBK'da düzenlenmiş olup, uygulamada en sık karşımıza çıkan sözleşme türüdür. Konut ve çatılı işyeri kira sözleşmelerine ilişkin düzenlemelerde kiracının kiraya verene göre daha çok korunduğu görülmektedir. Bu durumun en belirgin örnekleri kira sözleşmelerinin sona erdirilme hallerinde görülmektedir. Gerçekten kiraya verenin kira sözleşmesini sona erdirmesi kiracıya kıyasla çok daha zordur. Buna rağmen, kiraya verenin de bazı şartların varlığı halinde kira sözleşmesini sona erdirme hakkı vardır. Konut ve çatılı işyeri kira sözleşmelerinin konusunu oluşturan konut ve çatılı işyeri kavramı tezimizin ilk bölümünde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında konut ve çatılı işyeri kira sözleşmelerinin sona erme halleri incelenmiştir. Konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarında sona erme halleri 6098 sayılı Türk Borçlar Kanunu'nun 347 – 356. maddeleri arasında düzenlenmiştir. Bu çerçevede hem belirli hem de belirsiz süreli kira sözleşmelerinin kiracı ve kiraya verenin ayrı ayrı bildirimli ve bildirimsiz fesih halleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmamızın son bölümde ise, konut ve çatılı işyeri kira sözleşmesinin dava yoluyla sona erdirilmesi incelenerek öncelikle kiracıdan kaynaklanan sebepler açıklanmıştır. Bu sebepler tahliye taahhüdü, iki haklı ihtar ve kiracının veya eşinin oturulabilir konutunun bulunması başlıkları altında incelenmiştir. Sonrasında kiraya verenden kaynaklanan sebepler ise gereksinim, yeniden inşa veya imar ve yeni malikin gereksinimi başlıkları altında açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ancak konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarında tahliye sebepleri konut ve çatılı işyeri kira sözleşmelerinin sona ermesine özgü düzenlenen hükümleri ile sınırlı olmayıp ayrıca Türk Borçlar Kanununun genel hükümlerde düzenlenen sona ermesi sebepleri ile, konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarının sona ermesi için özgülenen hükümlere aykırı düşmediği hallerde, sözleşme sona erdirilebilir. Bununla beraber, İcra İflas Kanunu'nda da bazı tahliye sebepleri düzenlenmiştir. Çalışmamızın son bölümde bu hallerden de bahsederek konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarında tüm tahliye sebeplerini incelenmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Türk Borçlar Kanunu, Konut ve Çatılı İşyeri, Kira Sözleşmeleri, Tahliye.
The lease agreement, which is defined as the contract in which the lessor undertakes to leave the use of something or to benefit from it together with the use, and the lessee undertakes to pay the agreed rent in return, is defined as "General provisions" in the Turkish Code of Obligations, "Residential and roofed workplace rents", "Product rent" organized under three headings. The new law is based on the nature of the leased property, unlike the repealed GKHK No. 6570. Housing and roofed workplace rents, which are the subject of our thesis, are also regulated in the TCO and are the most common type of contract we encounter in practice. It is seen that the tenant is more protected than the lessor in the regulations regarding the housing and roofed workplace lease agreements. The most obvious examples of this situation are seen in the case of termination of lease agreements. Indeed, it is much more difficult for the lessor to terminate the lease than for the lessee. Despite this, the lessor has the right to terminate the lease in case of certain conditions. The concept of residence and roofed workplace, which is the subject of housing and roofed workplace lease agreements, has been tried to be explained in the first part of our thesis. Afterwards, the termination status of residential and roofed workplace lease agreements will be examined. In fact, the termination of residential and roofed workplace leases is regulated between articles 347-356 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. In this context, the termination of both fixed and indefinite lease agreements by the lessee and the lessor, with and without notification, separately. In the last part of our study, the termination of the residential and roofed workplace lease agreement through litigation is examined and the reasons arising from the tenant are explained first. These reasons are examined under the headings of commitment to evict, two justified warnings and finding a habitable residence of the tenant or his spouse. Afterwards, the reasons arising from the lessor were tried to be explained under the headings of need, reconstruction or rebuilding and the need of the new owner. However, the reasons for eviction in residential and roofed workplace leases are not limited to the provisions regulated specifically for the termination of residential and roofed workplace lease agreements, but also in cases where the termination reasons regulated in the general provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations do not contradict the provisions specified for the termination of residential and roofed workplace leases, the contract is terminated. can be achieved. In addition, some reasons for discharge are regulated in the Execution and Bankruptcy Law. In the last part of our study, we will talk about these situations and examine all the reasons for eviction in residential and roofed workplace rentals. Keywords: Turkish Code Of Obligations, Resindence and Roofed Workplace, Lease Contracts, Evacuation
The lease agreement, which is defined as the contract in which the lessor undertakes to leave the use of something or to benefit from it together with the use, and the lessee undertakes to pay the agreed rent in return, is defined as "General provisions" in the Turkish Code of Obligations, "Residential and roofed workplace rents", "Product rent" organized under three headings. The new law is based on the nature of the leased property, unlike the repealed GKHK No. 6570. Housing and roofed workplace rents, which are the subject of our thesis, are also regulated in the TCO and are the most common type of contract we encounter in practice. It is seen that the tenant is more protected than the lessor in the regulations regarding the housing and roofed workplace lease agreements. The most obvious examples of this situation are seen in the case of termination of lease agreements. Indeed, it is much more difficult for the lessor to terminate the lease than for the lessee. Despite this, the lessor has the right to terminate the lease in case of certain conditions. The concept of residence and roofed workplace, which is the subject of housing and roofed workplace lease agreements, has been tried to be explained in the first part of our thesis. Afterwards, the termination status of residential and roofed workplace lease agreements will be examined. In fact, the termination of residential and roofed workplace leases is regulated between articles 347-356 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. In this context, the termination of both fixed and indefinite lease agreements by the lessee and the lessor, with and without notification, separately. In the last part of our study, the termination of the residential and roofed workplace lease agreement through litigation is examined and the reasons arising from the tenant are explained first. These reasons are examined under the headings of commitment to evict, two justified warnings and finding a habitable residence of the tenant or his spouse. Afterwards, the reasons arising from the lessor were tried to be explained under the headings of need, reconstruction or rebuilding and the need of the new owner. However, the reasons for eviction in residential and roofed workplace leases are not limited to the provisions regulated specifically for the termination of residential and roofed workplace lease agreements, but also in cases where the termination reasons regulated in the general provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations do not contradict the provisions specified for the termination of residential and roofed workplace leases, the contract is terminated. can be achieved. In addition, some reasons for discharge are regulated in the Execution and Bankruptcy Law. In the last part of our study, we will talk about these situations and examine all the reasons for eviction in residential and roofed workplace rentals. Keywords: Turkish Code Of Obligations, Resindence and Roofed Workplace, Lease Contracts, Evacuation
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Özel Hukuk Ana Bilim Dalı, Özel Hukuk Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk, Law
