Yas ve melankolide sanal gerçekliğin duygulanımsal boyutu
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Date
2020
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Publisher
İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Yapay zekâ destekli robotik teknolojilerin yükselişte olduğu bir dünyada, gerçeklik algısı da yeniden tanımlanmaktadır. Teknolojinin gerçekliğe dair tüm katı tanımlamaları akışkanlaştırdığı dijital çağda, gerçeklik, hâlihazırda var olan bir olgu veya durum olmasının ötesinde üretilebilen/ yeniden üretilebilen bir forma dönüşmüştür. Sanalın gerçek üzerindeki etkisi, insana özgü birçok şeyin yüksek teknolojilerle üretilebileceği ve kullanılabileceği düşüncesini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Buradan hareketle çalışma, sanal gerçeklik deneyimi olarak simülasyon konusunu irdeleyerek, gerçek ve sanal arasındaki ilişkiyi yas ve melankoli üzerinden tartışmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation isimli şirketin, bir anneyi hayatını kaybeden kızı ile sanal gerçeklik uygulaması aracılığıyla buluşturduğu “Seninle Buluştum” isimli video anlatısı, çalışmanın örneklemi olarak belirlenmiştir. Sözü edilen sanal gerçeklik deneyiminin içerdiği simülasyonun duygulanımsal boyutunu anlamlandırmak üzere, video anlatısı, Greimas’ın Eyleyenler Örnekçesi modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Sanal ve gerçek arasındaki dikotomik ilişki, Freud’un yas ve melankoli teorizasyonu aracılığıyla irdelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, insani oluşları veya gereksinimleri üretilebileceği ya da karşılayabileceği iddiasını taşıyan yüksek teknolojilerin, insani duygulara yönelik pratiklerinin sağaltıcı olup olmama potansiyeli tartışılmıştır.
Reality has become producible in the age of digital siege, where the real and the virtual are intertwined through the opportunities provided by technology. Reality can now leek through the obstacles it would have to overcome in order to exist. Particularly the rise of virtual reality technologies, and their ability to penetrate all areas of human life revealed the idea that a lot of human-specific things can be produced and utilized by virtual reality. Sherman and Craig define virtual reality as a form of experiencing an alternative reality or perspective. They also call attention to the fact that virtual reality is more attractive than static reality, hence provides a preferable experience (2019, p. 11). Virtual reality technology consists of a series of technologies which aim to manipulate the user’s senses in order to convince them that the virtually real world they are in, is actually part of the real world (Yengin and Bayrak, 2017, p. 105). Virtual reality offers an opportunity to wander in a cyber space that is rich in terms of information; the possibility to be in worlds that only exist in our imaginations. This expresses that communication also becomes a simulation (Biocca and Levy, 1995, p. 7). Technologies of simulation experienced through virtual reality guards the individual from the fearsome aspects of reality. Simulation is one of the main subjects Baudrillard focused on with a general definition such as “taking the place of reality”. In the society of simulation described by Baudrillard, codes that arise from the mediation of technological tools infiltrate individuals’ experiences and blur the dividing lines between reality and code. As reality that is produced through cybernetic models reached a structure beyond reality, a possibility also arose to reproduce reality countless times (Baudrillard, 2014: 13). The individual “contacts” magical realities throughout the duration of their experience. Said contact can be related to the psychic, mental, or affective contact with the virtual environment that the individual takes part in. There are studies in literature which measure virtual reality applications’ relationship to emotions. Emotional contents are stated to have a significant influence on the sense of existence in the virtual reality experience (Baños, R.M., Botella, C., Alcañiz, M., et al., 2004). On the other hand, there are opinions which suggest that virtual reality causes relaxation or anxiety for individuals in relation to the produced world (Riva, Mantovani, Capideville, Preziosa, et al., 2007). The influence of the virtual on the real brings forth the idea that a lot of human-specific things can be produced and utilized through high technology. With reference to this plane of thought, the study aims to examine the subject of simulation as a virtual reality experience, and to discuss the relationship between the real and the virtual through grief and melancholy. Concordantly, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation’s video narrative of “I Met You”, in which a mother is reunited with her deceased daughter through virtual reality application, is chosen as the sample of research. In order to make sense of the affective dimension of the simulation included in said virtual reality experience, its video narrative is analyzed through Greimas’ actantial model. The relationship of dichotomy between experiences of virtuality and reality is studied through Freud’s theorization of grief and melancholy. Thus, the study discusses if human emotion oriented practices of high technology, which asserts that forms of human existence or need can be produced or met, carries a potential to be healing. According to the studies that suggest that the sense of “being somewhere else”, which is offered to individuals by virtual reality, creates an effective area of use in the medical sense. They posit that virtual reality has a power to ease both physical and psychological pain through its therapeutic effect (Difede& Hoffman, 2002; Hoffman, 2004). However, as the aforementioned studies state, benefitting from the therapeutic application of virtual reality depends on procedural expert opinion created in a medical and therapeutic environment. According to Freud (2009), grief signifies a process that is lived through and then finished, while melancholy is a longer lasting mood that can end in pathologic results. It wouldn’t be incorrect to suggest that a new grief would start when the mother in the video remembers the loss of her child again, and once more realizes that she doesn’t exist anymore. Because, the mother’s experience of virtual reality interferes with the existing flow of reality which exists in a mental and spiritual dimension. Grief is a process that is lived through, and then comes to an end. The repetition of the process can cause repeated pain by disrupting the person’s perception of reality. Acts such as interrupting or repeating grief conjures up an unhealthy tendency to a pathological process of melancholy. According to Freud, the normal situation in grief is to end the grieving process by accepting reality. The attempt to sustain a loss within the illusion of reality leads the individual to melancholic results, to a pathological process. As it is observed in the analysis, it is clear that the mother, who communicates with her daughter within the duality of the virtual and real extent, can’t accept her loss. The mother lives with her daughter once again through the experience of virtual reality, which can be expressed as an illusion of reality. However, the few moments of communication would finish once the experience is terminated. The mother would once again face her loss and repeat her grief upon returning to the real space. The communication of the mother with her daughter’s virtual existence is against the first factor of grief, which is acceptance of death. Virtual reality, which provides the opportunity to isolate individuals from their own reality, can complicate their psychic and emotional experiences, and at the same time neutralize them. Findings obtained through the analysis reach the idea that the analyzed video narrative damages the mother’s perception of reality and predicts that this would cause her grief to repeat. The study therefore propounds that this experience can cause melancholic processes, and that the virtual reality experience is not healing.
Reality has become producible in the age of digital siege, where the real and the virtual are intertwined through the opportunities provided by technology. Reality can now leek through the obstacles it would have to overcome in order to exist. Particularly the rise of virtual reality technologies, and their ability to penetrate all areas of human life revealed the idea that a lot of human-specific things can be produced and utilized by virtual reality. Sherman and Craig define virtual reality as a form of experiencing an alternative reality or perspective. They also call attention to the fact that virtual reality is more attractive than static reality, hence provides a preferable experience (2019, p. 11). Virtual reality technology consists of a series of technologies which aim to manipulate the user’s senses in order to convince them that the virtually real world they are in, is actually part of the real world (Yengin and Bayrak, 2017, p. 105). Virtual reality offers an opportunity to wander in a cyber space that is rich in terms of information; the possibility to be in worlds that only exist in our imaginations. This expresses that communication also becomes a simulation (Biocca and Levy, 1995, p. 7). Technologies of simulation experienced through virtual reality guards the individual from the fearsome aspects of reality. Simulation is one of the main subjects Baudrillard focused on with a general definition such as “taking the place of reality”. In the society of simulation described by Baudrillard, codes that arise from the mediation of technological tools infiltrate individuals’ experiences and blur the dividing lines between reality and code. As reality that is produced through cybernetic models reached a structure beyond reality, a possibility also arose to reproduce reality countless times (Baudrillard, 2014: 13). The individual “contacts” magical realities throughout the duration of their experience. Said contact can be related to the psychic, mental, or affective contact with the virtual environment that the individual takes part in. There are studies in literature which measure virtual reality applications’ relationship to emotions. Emotional contents are stated to have a significant influence on the sense of existence in the virtual reality experience (Baños, R.M., Botella, C., Alcañiz, M., et al., 2004). On the other hand, there are opinions which suggest that virtual reality causes relaxation or anxiety for individuals in relation to the produced world (Riva, Mantovani, Capideville, Preziosa, et al., 2007). The influence of the virtual on the real brings forth the idea that a lot of human-specific things can be produced and utilized through high technology. With reference to this plane of thought, the study aims to examine the subject of simulation as a virtual reality experience, and to discuss the relationship between the real and the virtual through grief and melancholy. Concordantly, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation’s video narrative of “I Met You”, in which a mother is reunited with her deceased daughter through virtual reality application, is chosen as the sample of research. In order to make sense of the affective dimension of the simulation included in said virtual reality experience, its video narrative is analyzed through Greimas’ actantial model. The relationship of dichotomy between experiences of virtuality and reality is studied through Freud’s theorization of grief and melancholy. Thus, the study discusses if human emotion oriented practices of high technology, which asserts that forms of human existence or need can be produced or met, carries a potential to be healing. According to the studies that suggest that the sense of “being somewhere else”, which is offered to individuals by virtual reality, creates an effective area of use in the medical sense. They posit that virtual reality has a power to ease both physical and psychological pain through its therapeutic effect (Difede& Hoffman, 2002; Hoffman, 2004). However, as the aforementioned studies state, benefitting from the therapeutic application of virtual reality depends on procedural expert opinion created in a medical and therapeutic environment. According to Freud (2009), grief signifies a process that is lived through and then finished, while melancholy is a longer lasting mood that can end in pathologic results. It wouldn’t be incorrect to suggest that a new grief would start when the mother in the video remembers the loss of her child again, and once more realizes that she doesn’t exist anymore. Because, the mother’s experience of virtual reality interferes with the existing flow of reality which exists in a mental and spiritual dimension. Grief is a process that is lived through, and then comes to an end. The repetition of the process can cause repeated pain by disrupting the person’s perception of reality. Acts such as interrupting or repeating grief conjures up an unhealthy tendency to a pathological process of melancholy. According to Freud, the normal situation in grief is to end the grieving process by accepting reality. The attempt to sustain a loss within the illusion of reality leads the individual to melancholic results, to a pathological process. As it is observed in the analysis, it is clear that the mother, who communicates with her daughter within the duality of the virtual and real extent, can’t accept her loss. The mother lives with her daughter once again through the experience of virtual reality, which can be expressed as an illusion of reality. However, the few moments of communication would finish once the experience is terminated. The mother would once again face her loss and repeat her grief upon returning to the real space. The communication of the mother with her daughter’s virtual existence is against the first factor of grief, which is acceptance of death. Virtual reality, which provides the opportunity to isolate individuals from their own reality, can complicate their psychic and emotional experiences, and at the same time neutralize them. Findings obtained through the analysis reach the idea that the analyzed video narrative damages the mother’s perception of reality and predicts that this would cause her grief to repeat. The study therefore propounds that this experience can cause melancholic processes, and that the virtual reality experience is not healing.
Description
Keywords
Sanal Gerçeklik, Yas, Melankoli, Simülasyon, Virtual Reality, Grief, Melancholy, Simulation
Journal or Series
Intermedia Uluslararası Hakemli İletişim Bilimleri E-Dergisi
WoS Q Value
Scopus Q Value
Volume
7
Issue
12
