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Öğe Analyzing the Web Sites of Metropolitan Municipalities in Turkey in Terms of Digital Access Indicators(Institute for Local Self-Government Maribor, 2023) Tutar, Hasan; Parlak, Ismail Hakki; Tuzcuoğlu, Ferruh; Başpinar, Nuran Öztürk; Nam, SelçukE-government and e-municipality practices, which have gained critical importance in terms of the spread of citizen-oriented service and participatory management approach in local governments, have become a state policy in many countries. In Turkey, within the framework of restructuring the public administration and the e-transformation strategy, e-municipality practices are being expanded in local governments. One of the critical developments in the field of public administration in Turkey recently is e-government applications and e-municipality, which is its reflection on local governments. E-municipality applications are used as a local government strategy to quickly meet the citizens' municipal needs and reduce service costs. In this study, e-municipality services of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey; It is intended to be analyzed in terms of accessibility, performance, Searches Engine Optimization, and Best Practice indicators. The research findings show that the e-municipal services of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey should be improved significantly, given the mentioned indicators.Öğe Can Squid Game series be watched through Social Darwinism? A semiotic review(Marmara Univ, Fac Communication, 2022) Tutar, HasanSocial events are reflected as a string of signs in the language of the productions in question by forming the subjects of cinema and TV productions. The language of expression in television creates a dream world, and the message is tried to be placed in the audience's mind in the form of images. This study discusses whether the South Korean production Squid Game, which has recently reached a significant audience, can be watched through Social Darwinism. In the research, the exploitation of the efforts and hopes of the weak by the strong was analyzed within the framework of Social Darwinism. Social Darwinism is adapting Darwin's theory of Evolution, which is valid in all species, to the social field. This theory asserts that the fittest for the environment can survive in competition between individual organisms. Social Darwinism postulates that competition between individuals, groups, or nations causes the social Evolution of human societies. The competition, which started as a group in the TV series Squid Game, continues with individual competition and is represented by the survival of the one who finally overcomes all these challenging competitive conditions. The semiotic method was used in the research due to its suitability for the subject's purpose, context, and basic research question. The sample of the study was determined according to the purposive sampling technique. The research data consists of scenes and player expressions reflecting the Social Darwinism perspective of the visual and verbal expressions in the series. Research findings show that the evolutionary laws among living things continue in social life in the form of Social Darwinism.Öğe Development of Sustainable Human Resources in the Period 2000-2021: A Bibliometric Review(World Scientific Publishing House Ltd, 2023) Tutar, Hasan; Nam, Selçuk; Güler, SevilayThe main purpose of this research is to make suggestions for future studies by making bibliometric analyses of publications, researchers, institutions, countries and their connections in sustainable human resources management between 2000-2021. It is bibliometric research in terms of research method, and the research data were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus database. We reviewed 505 articles published in 210 journals between 2000-2021 to collect data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. We conducted performance and scientific field mapping analyses to reveal the field's overall view of the research. Analysis findings show that the interest in sustainable human resources management is increasing daily, and there is an increasing trend towards areas such as "green human resources management" and "corporate social responsibility". In addition, we determined that ten core journals on the sustainability of human resources dominate the field.Öğe Eastern Mediterranean Area in Energy Security of The European Union: From Sea Border Issues to Economic Conflicts of Interest(Econjournals, 2022) Tutar, Hasan; Sarkhanov, Teymur; Guliyeva, NigarThe interdependence experienced on a global scale today has gained more importance with the increasing demand for energy resources. The situation of interdependence may cause various conflicts due to the differences in strategy between countries regarding access to energy resources. In this destructive competitive environment, hydrocarbons, especially natural gas, continue to be an essential means of competition as a strategic energy source. This situation makes the European Union and the countries that are the suppliers of the energy demand of the Union and the transition countries dependent on each other. This situation of interdependence makes energy resources the most important policy tool. Russia, one of the energy suppliers of European states, uses this advantage as an essential political pressure tool. European Union countries turn to alternative resources and areas to reduce dependency in the face of this situation. In recent years, the Eastern Mediterranean basin has been added to these areas. With the discovery of significant hydrocarbon resources in the Eastern Mediterranean, the importance of this region for European countries is increasing. However, this situation causes maritime border disputes and geopolitical conflicts between the countries of the region. This conceptual study emphasizes the solution of problems related to cross-border hydrocarbon resources and the extent to which natural gas reserves in the Eastern Mediterranean will be an alternative to Russian natural gas.Öğe Impact of COVID-19 anxiety on work stress in seafarers: the mediating role of COVID-19 burnout and intention to quit(NLM (Medline), 2022) Erdem, Ahmet Tuncay; Tutar, HasanBACKGROUND: The frequent encounters of seafarers with people from different countries compared to other occupations increase their risk of contracting different variants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This risk may cause additional anxiety for them. The main purpose of this research is to determine the mediating role of COVID-19 burnout and intention to quit in the impact of seafarers' anxiety about contracting COVID-19 on work stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research is a quantitative correlational research design cross-sectional study. We determined the research data according to the random sampling technique. Participants consist of 390 maritime business employees operating in Istanbul and Izmir. We determined the participants based on voluntary participation. We collected the data with the help of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, COVID-19 Burnout Scale, Intention to Quit Scale, and Work Stress Perception Scale. RESULTS: The study found that seafarers' anxiety about contracting the novel coronavirus positively influences their perception of job stress and that COVID-19 burnout and intention to quit strongly mediate this interaction. We also determined that seafarers had a high level of COVID-19 anxiety, leading to a higher perception of COVID-19 burnout. CONCLUSIONS: These findings mean that although personal factors are important, negative psychological perceptions feed off each other and cause another psychological perception. The research results need to be strengthened by psychological factors such as job satisfaction, organizational trust and organizational support, and their psychological resilience should be increased so that seafarers do not show COVID-19 anxiety due to job stress and intention to quit.Öğe Review on the Risks of Atypical Work in OECD Countries in the 1980-2020 Periods(Polissia National University, 2022) Tutar, Hasan; Akbulaev, Nurkhodzha; Sarkhanov, TeymurThe rapid change in working models establishes a new workforce structure and working systems. This situation creates the problem of unregistered employment and atypical work by individualising business dealing. Economic, social and technological developments, especially in the 1970s, have impacted working life worldwide, and atypical employment forms and working models have gradually replaced typical employment types. Being flexibile, it is aimed to adjust the working days and hours according to the demand differences and changes in the market, sustainability of the enterprises, increase in productivity and employment, and the establishment of the work and life balance of the employees. However, with the spread of flexibility practices over time and the intensification of atypical working styles, some losses have begun to occur in employees’ vested rights regarding working conditions. Informal work causes another problem, such as unorganised and irregular labour. The purpose of the study is to examine the problems caused by atypical work. The research used descriptive statistical method since it is convenient to follow the developments in a particular field and identify the factual situations. The authors have collected data from World Labour Organisation and OECD sources and analysed these collected data according to descriptive statistical techniques. Using the trend analysis method, the authors have analysed the workforce structure and union density change in the analysed period based on numerical data. The research has established that atypical work causes insufficient instrumentality and status problems in the study period and disorganisation of labour. Based on research results, it can be stated that such working models as teleworking, working from home, and atypical work may lead to various social and psychological problems in the futureÖğe Visual mapping and bibliometric analysis of publications on global competitiveness(İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, 2022) Tutar, Hasan; Adıgüzel, Muhittin; Nam, SelçukOne of the primary goals of a country is to increase the real income of its people in convenient free market conditions and the long run. Global competitiveness is also related to the ability to produce goods and services following the standards of international markets. Objective: The main purpose of this research is to reveal and make the bibliometric analysis of the publications, researchers, related institutions, countries and their connections published in the field of global competitiveness between 1991-2021 through visual mapping. Method: The current data of the research were collected from the publications indexed in the Web of Science database in January 2022. We analyzed the data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria of 613 articles published in 426 journals. In the research, we made common word analysis of key concepts, citation analysis, common citation analysis, institution/university analysis, and country analysis of publications on "global competitiveness." Findings: The findings determined that those working on the concept of global competitiveness discussed the basic assumptions of global competitiveness and the basic concepts in this field together. Another finding is that the interest in global competitiveness is increasing day by day, and the interest in the subject is relatively higher in developing and developed countries. Originality: Co-author and citation analyses show that researchers from different universities and countries have a working culture. In addition, the interest shown in the issue of global competitiveness shows that scientific institutions have an important place in the development of global thought.