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    Educational wage premia and wage inequality in Turkey
    (Inderscience Publishers, 2021) Kent, Oya; Sefil Tansever, Sinem
    This paper examines the effect of educational attainment on the male wage inequality in Turkey by employing Structure of Earnings Survey Micro Data compiled by TURKSTAT. We compare two years, namely 2006 and 2014, by estimating the Mincerian wage equation. Quantile regression method is utilised in order to explore the differentials in educational wage premia along the wage distribution. Our findings show that, despite the overall increase in the male wage inequality over the period, inequality declined at the top end of the wage distribution while displaying a significant increase at the bottom end. Education had a positive impact on both within and between groups inequality in both years. In general, educational wage premia in all education categories along the wage distribution increased, with two exceptions (vocational high school and higher education). Especially, in higher education category, educational wage premia have declined at the top half of the wage distribution while increased in lower quantiles. Copyright © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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    Minimum wage and spillover effects in a minimum wage society
    (Wiley, 2024) Sefil Tansever, Sinem; Yılmaz, Ensar
    Minimum wage policies are widely implemented in developing countries, but their consequences remain uncertain. This study empirically investigates the impact of the minimum wage on monthly income inequality and its spillover effects in Turkey between 2004 and 2022, utilizing comprehensive micro data. We aim to shed light on the impact of national minimum wage policies by examining their diverse influences on the wage structure within the country. Our findings reveal that the minimum wage significantly reduces income disparities, particularly among formal workers at the lower and upper end of the wage distribution. While wage gaps below the median wage decline, those above it experience a slower growth rate, ultimately leading to wage convergence. Notably, this effect is more pronounced during macroeconomic instability from 2016 to 2022, compared with the relatively stable period of 2004-15. Moreover, the outcomes differ depending on individual attributes like gender, age, education, and other relevant factors. Furthermore, we observe tentative evidence of a lighthouse effect to some degree: the minimum wage seems to exert an equalizing influence on the wage structure of workers in the informal sector beyond a certain percentile.
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    Motherhood wage penalty in Turkey
    (2022) Sefil Tansever, Sinem
    The motherhood wage penalty refers to the wage differentials between mothers and women without children that cannot be attributed to differences in personal and job characteristics. The magnitude of the adverse impact of motherhood on women’s wages depends on the institutional labor market framework of work-family balance and the cultural perception of maternal employment. The motherhood wage penalty is a potentially significant challenge for working mothers in the Turkish labor market, characterized by a low female labor force participation rate and a high gender wage gap. This study examines the motherhood wage penalty in Turkey on different wage levels by employing Buchinsky’s (1998) quantile regression method with sample selection correction for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 by taking into account education, experience, work intensity, and the relative wage level of the residing region. The study results showed that regular and casual wage earner mothers are subjected to different levels of motherhood wage penalties depending on their place in the wage distribution.
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    Türkiye’de gelir polarizasyonu eğilimi ve kaynakları
    (Okan Üniversitesi, 2021) Sefil Tansever, Sinem
    Income polarization which refers to the shrinkage of the middle income group and polarization of the income distribution towards the low and /or high income group, is a distributional measure that is related to the concepts of income distribution, such as poverty and income inequality, but should be examined separately due to its conceptual differences. This study examines the magnitude and trends of income polarization, as well as its relation to income inequality and its income sources in Turkey between 2006 and 2018 by using data from Income and Living Condition Survey. The obtained results showed that Wolfston bi-polarization index and DER index decreased by11.9% and 3.5% respectively, while the former had a downward trend and the letter was relatively more stable during the analysis period. A more detailed examination of DER index revealed that income distances between income groups in distribution decreased while the income groups became more pronounced. It was observed that social transfers, which decreased the income polarization at the beginning of the analysis period, increased the income polarization at the end. It was also revealed that most significant income source of income polarization was salary and wage incomes.