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The textile and clothing industrialization cycle
(2019) Yülek, Murat Ali; Natsuda, Kaoru; Akkemik, K. Ali; Yağmur, Mete Han
Starting with the industrial revolution in the United Kingdom in the 18th century, the textile and clothing (TC) sector has shown some streamlined stages and characteristics that seem to reoccur even today in a similar sequence. The TC industry develops capitalizing on the adoption of its industrial technology, creates employment for relatively low skilled labor converting them into industrial workers. At this stage it also triggers the development of other manufacturing industries through positive technical, labor or managerial spillovers. As the TC manufacturing technology is further adopted by the businesses, the sector further grows, enhances productivity and becomes part of an international supply chain. Faced with international competition, the TC sector reaches a bifurcation point when it mostly diminishes or it is transformed into a higher value-added sector through fashion, branding or technical textiles. As such, the TC industry proclaims Kaldor’s growth laws. The idea is supported by several time-bound country experiences which are located on the TC Cycle. The suggested streamlined stages and characteristics of the TC sector provides some valuable development policy recommendations for some African countries that are striving to industrialize as well as for countries that reached to bifurcation point on the TC Cycle, such as Turkey.