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    Reduced toxicity of protein/magnetic targeted drug delivery system for improved skin cancer treatment in mice model
    (Elsevier, 2021) Ceylan, Muhammet; Misak, Heath E.; Strong, Nora; Yang, Shang-you
    Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancers. Although majority of skin cancers can be treated effectively if they are diagnosed at an early stage, delayed treatment for some types, such as melanoma, are life threatening. This current study evaluated the therapeutic effects of a recently developed targeted drug delivery system (DDS) to treat an experimental skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a mouse model. This DDS can release drugs into the body at a designated rate and location. The system consists of biodegradable polymer microspheres of encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles, human albumin, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). While the magnetic forces keep the nanocomposite spheres in the targeted cancer area, the protein promotes increased absorption of the DDS near cancer cells to release the therapeutic agent. While tumor sizes were significantly decreased and cancer tissue underwent dramatic necrosis, no remote organ and lymph node metastasis were observed. The tissue specimens collected from vital organs (lungs, liver, kidneys, and lymph nodes adjcent to the cancer sites) were histologically examined and did not showobvious damages and adverse tissue responses after the DDS injections. Overall, this study confirmed that this DDS is successful in treating cancer without toxic effects and may be a possible alternative to traditional therapies.
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    Synthesis and evaluation of electrospun PCL-plasmid DNA nanofibers for post cancer treatments
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Ceylan, Muhammet; Asmatulu, Ramazan; Jiang, Jianhao; Usta, Aybala; Jia, Tanghong; Yao, Li; Yang, Shang-you
    Poly-?-caprolactone (PCL) incorporated with plasmid DNA was electrospun, and the resultant nanofibers were used to observe DNA release from the nanofibers. The plasmid DNA enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (PCMVb-GFP) was amplified with E. coli. PCL was chosen because it is biodegradable aliphatic polyester, which plays a critical role in tissue engineering, such as scaffolding, drug, DNA, gene and protein delivery vehicles. Some of the physical and biological properties of the nanofibers were determined using different methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that nanofibers have an average diameter of about 100 nm. Cytotoxicity tests showed that cell viability for 1 day, 4 days, and 7 days of the tests were above 80 %. These data demonstrated that PCL-plasmid DNA nanofibers have no cytotoxicity and showed benign biocompatibility for biomedical applications. PCMVb-GFP plasmid-linked electrospun nanofibers continuously released double-stranded DNA for at least seven days. For the first 15 min, there was a burst release of about 1.8 ng/ml. For the following hours and days, the release was about to be the same (release of 0.575 ng/ml). Therefore, PCL nanofibers may be an ideal candidate for various biomedical applications such as cancer treatment, scaffolding, tissue engineering, and protein delivery vehicles.