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    ECoC 2010 – Istanbul: “a commodity” for consumers or “a source” for all citizens
    (European Network For Housing Research, 2011) Koramaz, Elif Kısar; Koramaz, Turgay Kerem
    The European Capitals of Culture (ECoC) is one of the prominent cultural programs in European Union, which develops not only local and regional programs related to arts and culture, but also public and private investments with sponsorships and local initiatives those set to work for urban-cultural programs. This paper aims to investigate the cultural infrastructure to what extent it is decentralized and accessible for all residents in order to validate the success of ECoC programs in Istanbul which had been designated as one of the ECoC cities during 2010. This investigation is held whether ECoC programs worked as “a commodity” serving for privileged groups or “an accessible source” for all residents and to what extent spatial pattern of these programs provide availability and accessibility across the city. The most remarkable findings indicate that 2010 experience in Istanbul was not able to contribute the social integration of the centre, periphery and varying social groups.
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    The effects of spatial relations in property-led regeneration
    (Space Syntax Laboratory, The Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London, 2015) Koramaz, Elif Kısar; Koramaz, Turgay Kerem; Özer, Özlem
    In Turkey, since the entry of the Law on Redevelopment of Areas under Disaster Risk (Law No. 6306) into force in 2012, there has been a significant increase in the number of both property-­?led and area-­? based renewals. Property-­?led regeneration works as an invisible tool of a greater urban regeneration process that creates a broader impact on the city. Although the practice is comprised of singular constructions, as it reflects the renewal of individual buildings, it transforms the general appearance of the urban fabric. This transformation is not as sharp as it is in area-­?based urban regeneration practices, but still the individually renewed buildings dramatically affect the quality of urban space. The sole control of local authorities over this renewal process is the construction and utilisation permits they give. In spite of this uncontrolled and unplanned trend, these renewals seem to concentrate in certain areas occasionally, suggesting that there are some determinants. Particularly, the differentiation in areas which have similar building densities and construction permits is remarkable. This paper presents a part of a more comprehensive research that investigates the triggering factors and consequences of property-­?led regeneration. The entire central area of Bakirköy, Istanbul that has varying building densities and different settlement layouts has been selected for case study. Within the scope of this paper, the locations of individual renewals are analysed in terms of their spatial relations. This way, it is aimed to understand the role of spatial relations in property-­?led regenerations. By defining the factors that affect the locations of these individual constructions, it would be possible to predict the locations that have this tendency. We believe that such an approach would be of significant aid for the local authorities to take necessary precautions to direct this process which considerably affects the quality of urban space.
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    Urban transformation through property-led regeneration: A case of building renewals in Istanbul
    (İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2018) Koramaz, Elif Kısar; Koramaz, Turgay Kerem; Özer, Özlem
    Urban transformation is a prominent topic within Istanbul’s urban planning agenda. Transformation process of the city falls under the scope of academicians and the related authorities; and is a focus of debate from different perspectives in daily life. In this atmosphere, centralised policies promote construction facilities as the leading economic sector, and the legislation sets the legal framework facilitating transformation processes. This transformation in Istanbul occurs in two forms; as area-based regeneration projects and single building renewal processes. Area-based regeneration projects have long been examined due to their widespread effects, however single building renewal also leads to transformation over the long term. The motivation behind this paper is to examine the single building renewal process by means of a case study – Bakirkoy, which is one of the sub-centres of Istanbul. In this context, the paper aims to construct an analytical evaluation of the regeneration process in Bakirkoy and tries to evaluate the process linking it with critiques of property-led regeneration debates worldwide. This paper covers a periodical evaluation of this process by attempting to understand the urban transformation pattern by means of a descriptive spatial analysis, and a discussion of recent policies in Bakirkoy case