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Öğe Conceptual design and optimization of a sustainable and environmentally friendly archetypal helicopter within the selection criteria and limitations(Elsevier, 2023) Gunaltili, Enes; Ekici, Selcuk; Kalkan, Abdullah; Gocmen, Faruk Esat; Kale, Utku; Yilmazoglu, Zeki; Karakoc, T. HikmetThe design and mission requirements of aero vehicles, which vary on a day-to-day basis, have become major study concerns in the burgeoning aviation sector. In addition to the design and mission criteria that must be met in an aero vehicle design, the designers’ primary goals are to construct original, innovative, environmentally friendly, fuel-efficient, and sustainable designs. In this study, a detailed conceptual design of a helicopter that does not need a notable runway for operation and is limited by mission and design requirements is offered. Within the scope of this research, a competitor analysis study was undertaken in accordance with the defined criteria, and design approaches were chosen based on the outcomes of competitor analysis. In addition, this research, which looks for an environmentally friendly and sustainable design, was developed with the aviation industry’s demands in mind by analyzing the International Helicopter Safety Team’s (IHST) data. As a result of the reports analyzed and considering the causes and consequences of accidents that have happened, the objective of the design research was to achieve a sustainable, ecologically friendly, and fuel-efficient design by reducing the number of accidents and damage. The planning and design processes as a result of this examination are essential as a step towards the helicopter being an original design and in the context of solution methodologies. This archetypal design aims to shed light on helicopter design studies and serve as a roadmap for future research.Öğe Environmental damage cost and exergoenvironmental evaluations of piston prop aviation engines for the landing and take-off flight phases(Elsevier, 2022) Balli, Ozgur; Kale, Utku; Rohács, Dániel; Hikmet Karakoc T.This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the environmental damage cost, exergoenvironmental and life cycle assessment (LCA) analyses of four piston prop aviation engines (AE) entitled as AE1, AE2, AE3,and AE4 for different flight conditions. The data of energetic, exergetic, economic, and exergoeconomic as well as emission are firstly given as a briefly. Then, cost formation of environmental damages, LCA, and exergoenvironmental analyses are realized. AE3 has minimum specific environmental damage with 0.0380 $/MJ and the lowest specific exergoenvironmental cost with 0.360 $/MJ for take-off phase. Besides, minimum environmental impact values of engine shaft power are estimated to be 29.33 mPts/MJ for AE1 in taxi phase, 23.93 mPts/MJ for AE3 in take-off phase, 26.36 mPts/MJ for AE1 in climb-out phase, and 25.20 mPts/MJ for AE2 in approach phase. Fuel consumption is main contributor for environmental impact with over 89%. The highest relative environmental differences is occurred in AE4 by 1001.69% for taxi phase while AE1 has minimum exergoenvironmental factor. and AE3 has minimum values of environment impact point costs. As a result, AE3 is the best engine in the perspective of thermodynamically, economically and environmentally.Öğe Exergoenvironmental, environmental impact and damage cost analyses of a micro turbojet engine (m-TJE)(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Balli, Ozgur; Kale, Utku; Rohács, Dániel; Karakoc, T. HikmetThis study presents a comprehensive investigation of the emission impact, environmental damage cost, exergoenvironmental and life cycle assessment (LCA) analyses of a micro turbojet engine (m-TJE) utilized on Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) for four different operating cases. The novelty and motivation to conduct this study are that no study in the literature was done about the environmental damage cost and exergoenvironmental analyses based on exergy and LCA of a micro turbojet engine used on UAVs. According to the results of this study, the engine product exergy rate increasing from 27.119 MJ/h at Case-1 to 114.742 at Case-4 while the engine's specific emission impact (sei) value decreases from 13.346 mPts/MJ at Case-1 to 5.440 mPts/MJ at Case-4. Similarly, the specific environmental damage cost of engine product decreases from 0.150 $/MJ at Case-1 to 0.061 $/MJ at Case-4 whilst the specific exergy cost of engine product goes down from 0.249 $/MJ at Case-1 to 0.088 $/MJ at Case-4. In this regard, the specific exergoenvironmental cost of engine product declines from 0.400 $/MJ at Case-1 to 0.150 $/MJ at Case-4. Besides, the specific exergoenvironmental impact of engine product reduces from 71.694 mPts/MJ at Case-1 to 29.219 mPts/MJ at Case-4 when the relative exergoenvironmental impact difference of engine product falters from 1257.306 % at Case-1 to 453.162 % at Case-4. This investigation shows that an increase in engine product rate reduces specific emission impact, specific environmental damage cost, specific exergy cost, specific exergoenvironmental impact, and relative exergoenvironmental impact difference of engine production.Öğe Image processing methods decision mechanism for surveillance applications with UAVs(Emerald Group Holdings, 2022) Ayar, Murat; Dalkiran, Alper; Kale, Utku; Nagy, András; Karakoc, Tahir HikmetPurpose – The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has significantly increased in the past decade and nowadays is being used for various purposes such as image processing, cargo transport, archaeology, agriculture, manufacturing, health care, surveillance and inspections. For this reason, using the appropriate image processing method for the intended use of UAVs increases the study’s success. This study aims to determine the most suitable one among the innovative methods that constitute the image processing system for a UAV to be used for surveillance purposes. Design/methodology/approach – Analytical hierarchy process has been used in the solution of the decision problem to be handled in three stages, namely, platform, architecture and method. The most suitable alternative and the effect weights of these criteria results were determined at each stage. Findings – As a result of this study, Jetson TX2 was determined as the most suitable embedded platform, ResNet is the optimum architecture and Faster R-convolutional neural networks was the best method in the image processing layer for a system that will provide surveillance with image processing method using UAV. Practical implications – In UAV designs, where multiple hardware and software choices and system combinations exist, multi-criteria decisionmaking (MCDM) approaches can be used as a system decision mechanism. Originality/value – The novelty of this work comes from the application of MCDM methods that are used as a multi-layered decision mechanism in UAV design.Öğe Past and current components-based detailing of particle image velocimetry: A comprehensive review(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Rohacs, Daniel; Yaşar, Onur; Kale, Utku; Ekici, Selçuk; Yalçın, Enver; Midilli, Adnan; Karakoç, T. HikmetParticle image velocimetry has been widely used in various sectors from the automotive to aviation, research, and development, energy, medical, turbines, reactors, electronics, education, refrigeration for flow characterization and investigation. In this study, articles examined in open literature containing the particle image velocimetry techniques are reviewed in terms of components, lasers, cameras, lenses, tracers, computers, synchronizers, and seeders. The results of the evaluation are categorized and explained within the tables and figures. It is anticipated that this paper will be a starting point for researchers willing to study in this area and industrial companies willing to include PIV experimenting in their portfolios. In addition, the study shows in detail the advantages and disadvantages of past and current technologies, which technologies in existing PIV laboratories can be renewed, and which components are used in the PIV laboratories to be installed.Öğe Past and current components-based detailing of particle image velocimetry: A comprehensive review (vol 9, e14404, 2023)(Cell Press, 2023) Rohacs, Daniel; Yaşar, Onur; Kale, Utku; Ekici, Selçuk; Yalçın, Enver; Midilli, Adnan; Karakoç, Tahir Hikmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe A review on thematic and chronological framework of impact assessment for green airports(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Dalkıran, Alper; Ayar, Murat; Kale, Utku; Nagy, András; Karakoc, T. HikmetEnvironmental impact assessment comprises a set of analyses, and there are several subjects. However, the “airport impact research” subject has grown into a more integral and broader view. Green airports make this phenomenon more complex when analyzing different operational criteria. This study focused on easing the readers’ understanding of the impact analysis phenomenon more comprehensively. Moreover, the motivation behind this paper is to express the roots of the research subject on the green airport concept. Three domains are defined to classify the impact analysis, affecting each other while focusing on operational or capital investments in the airports. Spending a budget or an organizational function might negatively affect carbon dioxide emissions or further toxic disseminating natural resources. This study has examined 93 published scientific papers to show the distribution of the classified subjects on the three domains as Energy, Natural resources, and economic sustainability. Despite the common superiority of environmental topics, it has been seen that economic efficiency and the importance of the design subjects are the main predecessors in this review. Subjects have diverted into the environmental issues in the later years. Also, popular keywords have been presented to the audience’s attention, which counts the frequency in time.
