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Öğe Comparison of clean growth of countries in terms of sustainable development(Avrasya Bilimler Akademisi, 2016) Özyüksel, Suna; Başar, Özlem Deniz; Özden, Ünal HalitThe irreversible type of consumption of the natural resources after Industrial Revolution and the rapid growth after World War 2 have had negative effects on environment; and the counterrelation between development and environment was clearly revealed. Today, one of the most primary problems that prevent the success of sustainable development is the climate change. Excessive climate events directly affect the socio-economic factors; and they have a negative impact on the productivity of labor force, GDP and sustainable development. The aim of this study is to measure and analyze the relative total activities in terms of greenhouse gas emission during the countries' economic activities; which is one of the most important factors for the realization of climate events. This study begins by explaining the concepts used in one of the methods used in measuring the efficiency of countries, data enveloping analysis (DEA); then detailed information is provided about the CCR models used in DEA. Finally, the efficiency of top 50 economies in the world in terms of greenhouse gas emissions are ranked by using input oriented CCR models.Öğe Comparison of world airline rankings with different criteria: Best airline ranking and EVAMIX method rank(ARJHSS, 2019) Başar, Özlem DenizCompetition in the transportation sector is in constant rise as in all sectors today. It is crucial for airlines, which are one of the most important shareholders in the transportation sector, to be recognized and reliable in order to have a place in the market. For this reason, different companies prepare and share a world airline ranking with public each year. These rankings are prepared using different criteria and methodologies. Hence, each of these rankings differs from each other. This study considers the Best Airline Ranking prepared by Airhelp in 2018. The first 15 airlines in this ranking are re-ranked with the EVAMIX method using unused criteria and the results are compared with the Best Airline Ranking. In the conclusion of the study, it is found out that rankings changed significantly; hence, it is greatly important to determine what is desired to measure when the airlines are compared.Öğe Dijital platform üzerinden sigorta poliçesi satın alma davranışları: yaş gruplarının dijital sigorta kanallarının kullanımına ilişkin bir araştırma(İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi, 2021) Eren, Yağmur; Başar, Özlem DenizTeknolojinin gelişmesi ile birlikte her yaştan insan gruplarının internet kullanımı artmıştır. İnternetteki gelişmeler sigorta sektörünü de etkilemiş, insanlar poliçelerini satın almadan önce internetten araştırma yapmaya başlamışlardır. Ürün çeşitliliğinin fazla olması ve tüketicilerin satın almak istedikleri poliçeleri karşılaştırma yapabilmeleri dijital platformların kullanımını artırmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, internet ve elektronik ticaret kavramı, sigortacılıkta pazarlama, sigorta dağıtım kanalları, e-sigortacılık, elektronik sigortacılığın sağlayacağı avantajlar ve dezavantajlar açıklanmıştır. Bununla birlikte tüketicilerin dijital platform üzerinden sigorta poliçesi satın alma davranışları yaş gruplarına göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip gösterilmediği araştırılmıştır.Öğe The impact of OECD countries’ macroeconomic factors on Turkey’s Foreign Trade(Sciedu Press, 2017) Güneren Genç, Elif; Başar, Özlem DenizThe purpose of this study is to investigate the makroeconomic effects of OECD countries, having a major economic share in the regional communities, in the scope of complex economic structure, and accordingly, to determine the effects of those on Turkey's exports and imports. For this purpose, Turkey’s bilateral export and import volumes with OECD countries for the period of 1996 to 2014 were modelled by using these countries’ macroeconomic time series variables and panel data sets. It was revealed at the end of the study that the most determinant macroeconomic factors concerning the increase in Turkey’s import is the increase in per capita GNP in these countries. This variable is seen to be followed by these countries’ urban population, export indices and the export increases of Turkey for these countries respectively.Öğe Ranking of high human development countries with respect to variables relating with female living standards by using MOORA method(American Research Institute for Policy Development, 2018) Turanlı, Münevver; Başar, Özlem DenizVarious indices are being formed for comparing the standards of countries and by using these indices, the development status of countries are being compared with each other and at the same time, the features of countries that need to be developed are also specified. While these indices are calculated for certain variables, indicators are created separately for women and men. In this study, it is aimed to rank the countries as per the living standards of women. This ranking has been done by using MOORA method, which is one of the multi criteria decision making methods. MOORA is used with many different algorithms. Among these, the most widely used one, Ratio System Approach is used for this study. As a result of the analysis, ranking of living standards provided to women by countries within Human Development Index’s high human development category have been determined.Öğe Risk Factors of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Luminal (HER2 Negative) Breast Cancer: Roc Curve and Logistic Regression Model Results(Farname Scientific Publishing Inc., 2024) Bozdogan, Atilla; Emiroglu, Selman; Abuaisha, Asmaa; Başar, Özlem DenizBackground: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is less effective for luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer (BC) patients and generally shows a low pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC compared to HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to determine the factors associated with histopathologic response following NAC in luminal (HER2 negative) BC. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 255 estrogen (ER) positive and HER2 negative BC patients after NAC between January 2018 and July 2023. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were collected for the statistical analysis. Chi-Square tests were used in the qualitative comparisons between study groups. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for the diagnostic performance of Ki-67 expression and ER in determining the pCR rates. Using the Youden index, optimum cut points were determined. Also, multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the independent variables associated with the dependent variable (pCR). Results: After NAC, pCR was achieved in the breast in 35 (14%) patients, in the axilla in 44 (17%) patients, and in both the breast and axilla in 18 (7%) patients. Ki-67 expression was the only common variable associated with the breast, axilla and both the breast and axilla pCR. The most appropriate Ki-67 expression cut-off value for determining the breast and axilla complete response was found to be 40%. ER positivity level was only associated with pCR in the breast and the cut-off value was found to be 85%. Conclusion: The results of this study raise the possibility of patients with luminal (HER2 negative) BC with Ki-67 expression higher than 40% benefiting from chemotherapy, as they showed increased pCR rates.